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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Notes from Underground ： ウィキペディア英語版 Notes from Underground ''Notes from Underground'' ((ロシア語:Записки из подполья), ''Zapiski iz podpol'ya''), also translated as ''Notes from the Underground'' or ''Letters from the Underworld'', is an 1864 novella by Fyodor Dostoyevsky. ''Notes'' is considered by many to be the first existentialist novel. It presents itself as an excerpt from the rambling memoirs of a bitter, isolated, unnamed narrator (generally referred to by critics as the Underground Man) who is a retired civil servant living in St. Petersburg. The first part of the story is told in monologue form, or the underground man's diary, and attacks emerging Western philosophy, especially Nikolay Chernyshevsky's ''What Is to Be Done?''.〔"The views that brought Chernyshevsky to this vision were close to utilitarianism, meaning that actions should be judged in terms of their expediency. Naturally, utilitarians assumed that we can know the standard against which expediency can be measured: usually it was economic well-being. In Chernyshevsky's rational egotism, utlitarianism as a method coincided with socialism as a goal: in essence, it is in everyone's individual self-interest that the whole of society flourish." Notes from Underground By Fyodor Dostoyevsky page X in the introduction by Robert Bird ()〕 The second part of the book is called "Àpropos of the Wet Snow", and describes certain events that, it seems, are destroying and sometimes renewing the underground man, who acts as a first person, unreliable narrator. ==Plot summary== The novel is divided into two parts. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Notes from Underground」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.